Cancer Protein Description
This report provides a detailed description of a selected cancer protein with information collected from various sources, including UniProt, the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute’s Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC), and the Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology.
| Protein Name: | Cdt1 |
| Gene Name: | CDT1 |
| Protein Full Name: | DNA replication factor Cdt1 |
| Alias: | chromatin licensing and DNA replication factor 1; DNA replication factor; DUP; HCDT1; MMCDT1; RIS2 |
| Mass (Da): | 60443 |
| Number AA: | 546 |
| UniProt ID: | Q9H211 |
| Locus ID: | 81620 |
| COSMIC ID: | CDT1 |
| Gene location on chromosome: | 16q24.3 |
| Cancer protein type: | OP |
| Effect of cancer mutation on protein: | GAIN |
| Effect of active protein on cancer: | PROMOTES |
| Number of cancer specimens: | 19718 |
| Percent of cancer specimens with mutations: | 0.3 |
| Normal role description: | CDT1 is a nuclear localized protein involved in the licensing of DNA prior to DNA replication. Expression of CDT1 is cell cyle dependent with the highest accumulation being at the end of the G1 phase prior to S-phase. CDT1 along with CDC6 will form the pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) which will bind to origins of replication to recruit ORC and MCM proteins to initiate DNA replication. Once S-phase is initiated, CDT1 activity will be inhibited through two mechanisms, (1) through direct binding by geminin to disassociate the pre-RC and through phosphorylation by CDK2-cyclinA to mediate ubiquitination and degradation. The overexpression of CDT1 causes rereplication of DNA and results in chromosomal damage and aneuploidy phenotypes. The overexpression of CDT1 has been observed in various cancers including lung, colon and foreskin fibroblast. Furthermore, a mutation in the cyclinA binding region of CDT1 has been observed which prevents degradation of CDT1 by phosphorylation and ubiquitination. |